Title Biophysics and the Challenges of Emerging Threats Author(s) Puglisi, Joseph Publication Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands, 2009. Description VII, 179 p : online resource Abstract Note Single-molecule techniques eliminate ensemble averaging, thus revealing transient or rare species in heterogeneous systems [1???3]. These approaches have been employed to probe myriad biological phenomena, including protein and RNA folding [4???6], enzyme kinetics [7, 8], and even protein biosynthesis [1, 9, 10]. In particular, immobilization-based fluorescence te- niques such as total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF-M) have recently allowed for the observation of multiple events on the millis- onds to seconds timescale [11???13]. Single-molecule fluorescence methods are challenged by the instability of single fluorophores. The organic fluorophores commonly employed in single-molecule studies of biological systems display fast photobleaching, intensity fluctuations on the millisecond timescale (blinking), or both. These phenomena limit observation time and complicate the interpretation of fl- rescence fluctuations [14, 15]. Molecular oxygen (O) modulates dye stability. Triplet O efficiently 2 2 quenches dye triplet states responsible for blinking. This results in the for- tion of singlet oxygen [16???18]. Singlet O reacts efficiently with organic dyes, 2 amino acids, and nucleobases [19, 20]. Oxidized dyes are no longer fluor- cent; oxidative damage impairs the folding and function of biomolecules. In the presence of saturating dissolved O , blinking of fluorescent dyes is sup- 2 pressed, but oxidative damage to dyes and biomolecules is rapid. Enzymatic O -scavenging systems are commonly employed to ameliorate dye instability. 2 Small molecules are often employed to suppress blinking at low O levels ISBN,Price 9789048123681 Keyword(s) 1. Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics 2. BIOLOGICAL PHYSICS 3. BIOPHYSICS 4. Biotechnology 5. Chemistry, Physical and theoretical 6. EBOOK 7. EBOOK - SPRINGER 8. LIFE SCIENCES 9. Life Sciences, general 10. MICROSCOPY 11. SOLID STATE PHYSICS 12. SPECTROSCOPY 13. Spectroscopy and Microscopy 14. Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Item Type eBook Multi-Media Links Please Click here for eBook Circulation Data Accession#   Call# Status Issued To Return Due On Physical Location I07614     On Shelf